![\"Qu\u1eb7ng](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Lead-Zinc-Ore.webp\")
<\/h1>\n<\/h1>\nQu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean kim lo\u1ea1i m\u00e0u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u01b0 luy\u1ec7n kim, s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t pin, h\u1ee3p kim, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n
Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c m\u1ecf, kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng nhau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e2n qu\u1eb7ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y.<\/p>\n
Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1ecdt<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hai quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1eb7ng tinh.<\/p>\n B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 Quy tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, bao g\u1ed3m nghi\u1ec1n, xay, tuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c, tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/strong><\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm, \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i hi\u1ec3u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a qu\u1eb7ng. C\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c, tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i, t\u00e1ch t\u1eeb ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ee7y luy\u1ec7n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Galena l\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a ch\u00ec quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p ch\u00ec th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh. N\u00f3 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi sphalerit, pyrit v\u00e0 th\u1ea1ch anh.<\/p>\n Galena c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i:<\/p>\n N\u00f3 c\u00f3 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang cao, th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m trong kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 7,4 \u0111\u1ebfn 7,6 g\/cm\u00b3<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu gom tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0... xanthat v\u00e0 dithiophat<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t galena th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1edbn trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p khai th\u00e1c s\u1edbm th\u00f4ng qua Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y s\u00e0ng rung ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n rung<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Do nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i galena tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111i k\u00e8m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n Cerussite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t cacbonat ch\u00ec th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a galena trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf g\u1ea7n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e2n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n So v\u1edbi galena, cerussite \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n galena, khi\u1ebfn cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00f3 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i k\u00e9m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd sunfua h\u00f3a<\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a, c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0... k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t natri sunfua sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00eam ch\u1ea5t thu gom<\/strong> Ch\u00fang th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u1ed3i cerussite.<\/p>\n Anglesite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf ch\u00ec b\u1ecb phong h\u00f3a. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh th\u00f4ng qua qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh oxy h\u00f3a galena trong s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ea7m gi\u00e0u sulfat.<\/p>\n Anglesite \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/p>\n N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n m\u1ecbn trong c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111i k\u00e8m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1edbi cerussite v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t sunfua.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u0110\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c anglesite hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p sau: c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i sunfua h\u00f3a<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i v\u1edbi tuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a qu\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n Sphalerite l\u00e0 kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt ch\u1ee9a k\u1ebdm quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p k\u1ebdm ch\u00ednh trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi galena, chalcopyrite v\u00e0 pyrite trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh do qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n Sphalerite c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m quan tr\u1ecdng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u qu\u1eb7ng:<\/p>\n M\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 3,9 \u0111\u1ebfn 4,2 g\/cm\u00b3<\/strong>, th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n galena nh\u01b0ng cao h\u01a1n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 n\u1ed5i n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00ec b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 k\u00e9m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00f3 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng sunfat<\/strong>tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu gom n\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00e1m d\u00ednh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Trong m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh, qu\u1eb7ng sphalerite \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ch\u00ec v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a \u1edf m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra tinh qu\u1eb7ng k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n Smithsonit l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t cacbonat k\u1ebdm h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf k\u1ebdm b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a. N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hemimorphit, canxit v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t s\u00e9t.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i smithsonite kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn sphalerite v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd do:<\/p>\n N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t thu gom tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i sunfua th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00f3 th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn l\u1eabn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t sunfua.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn qu\u1eb7ng smithsonite th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i sunfua h\u00f3a<\/strong>Trong \u0111\u00f3, natri sunfua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i gi\u1ed1ng sunfua tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n Hemimorphite l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t silicat k\u1ebdm th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c m\u1ecf k\u1ebdm b\u1ecb oxy h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t xung quanh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u00e9m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thu gom tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u00f3 m\u1ed1i li\u00ean h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t s\u00e9t v\u00e0 silica.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Do nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, qu\u1eb7ng hemimorphite \u0111\u00f4i khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ee7y luy\u1ec7n<\/strong>ho\u1eb7c s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n T\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i cao v\u00e0 h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1eb7ng tinh cao. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p. qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1ecdt<\/strong>.<\/p>\n C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00edch h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c<\/strong> tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 galena c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c b\u00e0n rung.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u00fap:<\/p>\n Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i ngay t\u1eeb giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u1ea5p ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o x\u1eed l\u00fd nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao h\u01a1n trong m\u1ea1ch tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c h\u1ea1t galena th\u00f4 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong b\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i v\u00ec c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t l\u1edbn kh\u00f3 b\u00e1m v\u00e0o b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng, th\u00f4 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ki\u1ec3u jig v\u00e0 b\u00e0n rung<\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t galena th\u00f4 m\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t tho\u00e1t trong ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 thu h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u0103ng h\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i \u00edch:<\/p>\n T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i cao h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tinh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c l\u00e0m b\u01b0\u1edbc s\u01a1 b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng qua:<\/p>\n Ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng khi nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1ch tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Gi\u1ea3m hao m\u00f2n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd, qu\u1eb7ng th\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u1ec1n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch s\u1ebd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n Nghi\u1ec1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng c\u1ee5c qu\u1eb7ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khai th\u00e1c t\u1eeb m\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn... 500\u20131000 mm<\/strong>Ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n h\u00e0m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y v\u00ec ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i:<\/p>\n Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nghi\u1ec1n cao<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khai th\u00e1c kh\u1eafc nghi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1eb7ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n... 100\u2013200 mm<\/strong>, do \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1eb7ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u01b0... m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n c\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ch nghi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xay x\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1eb7ng th\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng... 10\u201320 mm<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Nghi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t<\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch bi\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0i th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n bi<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y c\u00e1n thanh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n b\u00e1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n SAG)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ea1o ra v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau: 70\u201380% \u0111i qua l\u01b0\u1edbi 200<\/strong>, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n B\u1ed9 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y ly t\u00e2m th\u1ee7y l\u1ef1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch:<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng nghi\u1ec1n qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u0110\u01b0a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t th\u00f4 tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nghi\u1ec1n kh\u00e9p k\u00edn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n c\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u1ed3i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt x\u1eed l\u00fd kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t theo th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ri\u00eang<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 galena t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb.<\/p>\n Trong qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm:<\/p>\n Galena c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ea5t cao.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt sphalerite c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 trung b\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t nh\u01b0 th\u1ea1ch anh v\u00e0 canxit c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Khi c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t qu\u1eb7ng ch\u1ecbu t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng xung nh\u1ecbp, c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng h\u01a1n s\u1ebd l\u1eafng xu\u1ed1ng nhanh h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p thu h\u1ed3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p:<\/p>\n Thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t galena th\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi nghi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n L\u00e0m gi\u00e0u s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t c\u00f3 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Gi\u1ea3m th\u1ec3 t\u00edch nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n X\u1eed l\u00fd qu\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra... qu\u1eb7ng tinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh ch\u1ebf th\u00eam b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/strong>.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n M\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc xung nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed9.<\/p>\n B\u00e0n rung s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng rung v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c l\u1edbp kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ph\u00e2n t\u1ea7ng.<\/p>\n M\u00e1ng xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c, t\u00e1ch c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u1ef1c ly t\u00e2m v\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c khi h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00f9n ch\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng theo k\u00eanh xo\u1eafn \u1ed1c.<\/p>\n M\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1ea3i k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n Tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1ecdt l\u00e0 Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm.<\/strong> sau giai \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u1ec1n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec galena (PbS) v\u00e0 sphalerite (ZnS)<\/strong> C\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng nhau trong qu\u1eb7ng sunfua ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c thu h\u1ed3i ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1eebng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng qua ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y. thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 g\u1eafn k\u1ebft bong b\u00f3ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t<\/strong> Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd s\u1ebd b\u00e1m v\u00e0o b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i l\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t, trong khi c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1eabn n\u1eb1m trong h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p b\u00f9n.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n B\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn g\u1eafn bong b\u00f3ng kh\u00ed<\/strong> th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd gi\u00e1.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n S\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh l\u1edbp b\u1ecdt<\/strong> n\u01a1i c\u00e1c b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed kho\u00e1ng h\u00f3a t\u00edch t\u1ee5.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n V\u1edbt b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed t\u1eeb ch\u1ea5t c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c<\/strong> t\u1eeb ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec3 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1eb7ng sunfua ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm d\u1ea1ng h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn<\/strong>, trong \u0111\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t thu h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee7.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a qu\u1eb7ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 oxy h\u00f3a v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n 1. Tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc (Ch\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ebdm sau)<\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, trong khi kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n k\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu gom v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ebdm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i th\u1ee9 hai.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i:<\/p>\n S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n T\u00e1ch galena v\u00e0 sphalerite hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n 2. Tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 t\u00e1ch chi\u1ebft<\/strong><\/p>\n Theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n Kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp trung l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c l\u1edbn.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i th\u1ee9 hai t\u00e1ch ch\u00ec kh\u1ecfi k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi:<\/p>\n Kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm l\u00e0 m\u1ecdc san s\u00e1t nhau<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n Tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n H\u00e0m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1eb7ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t t\u00ednh ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n 1. Nh\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t k\u1ef5 n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/strong>, cho ph\u00e9p ch\u00fang b\u00e1m v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u1ecdt kh\u00ed.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u01b0u t\u1eadp ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Xanthat (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: kali amyl xanthat)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Dithiophosphat<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Thiocarbamate<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n C\u00e1c thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t sunfua<\/strong>.<\/p>\n 2. Thu\u1ed1c an th\u1ea7n<\/strong><\/p>\n Ch\u1ea5t \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n n\u1ed5i l\u00ean trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n V\u00ed d\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n K\u1ebdm sunfat (ZnSO\u2084)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Natri xyanua<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Natri sunfit<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n C\u00e1c h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf sphalerite trong khi galena n\u1ed5i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n 3. Ch\u1ea5t k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t<\/strong><\/p>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a gi\u00fap kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u00ecm xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n Ch\u1ea5t ho\u1ea1t h\u00f3a ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i k\u1ebdm l\u00e0:<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ed3ng sunfat (CuSO\u2084)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n N\u00f3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t sphalerite b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u00e0ng sunfua \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t<\/strong>.<\/p>\n 4. M\u00e1y t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt<\/strong><\/p>\n Ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt gi\u00fap \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1edbp b\u1ecdt v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1o b\u1ecdt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n D\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n MIBC (Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Polypropylene glycol<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n L\u1edbp b\u1ecdt \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00fap thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t m\u1ecbn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm:<\/p>\n C\u00e1c bu\u1ed3ng tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y phao b\u01a1m h\u01a1i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u00e1c t\u1ebf b\u00e0o tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i d\u1ea1ng c\u1ed9t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed c\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ee9c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n C\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m qu\u1eb7ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m: b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u00ednh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1eb7ng th\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh xay x\u00e1t.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nghi\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n h\u00e0m<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n c\u00f4n<\/strong> d\u00f9ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n va \u0111\u1eadp<\/strong> trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1eb7ng xu\u1ed1ng kho\u1ea3ng 10\u201320 mm<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/p>\n L\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3m ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nghi\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n N\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tuy\u1ec3n kho\u00e1ng \u1edf kh\u00e2u sau.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 t\u1eeb kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea1p ch\u1ea5t.<\/strong>.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u00e0i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n bi<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y c\u00e1n thanh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y nghi\u1ec1n SAG (trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u1edbn)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c:<\/p>\n Ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u 70\u201380% \u0111i qua l\u01b0\u1edbi 200<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Tr\u00e1nh xay qu\u00e1 k\u1ef9<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Vi\u1ec7c nghi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch k\u00edn v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Sau khi nghi\u1ec1n, h\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p s\u1ec7t s\u1ebd \u0111i v\u00e0o... giai \u0111o\u1ea1n l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u<\/strong>, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch ra.<\/p>\n C\u00f3 hai k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n Ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t th\u00f4<\/p>\n<\/li>\n L\u00e0m gi\u00e0u s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1ecdt<\/strong><\/p>\n \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t m\u1ecbn<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00e1ch ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n S\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t tinh d\u1ea7u ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n:<\/p>\n t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/p>\n<\/li>\n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i, qu\u1eb7ng tinh ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch n\u01b0\u1edbc bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n L\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c<\/strong> \u2013 l\u00e0m t\u0103ng n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 b\u00f9n<\/p>\n<\/li>\n L\u1ecdc<\/strong> \u2013 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eeba<\/p>\n<\/li>\n S\u1ea5y kh\u00f4<\/strong> \u2013 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f4 \u0111\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao<\/p>\n<\/li>\n B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n B\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc \u00e1p su\u1ea5t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n M\u00e1y s\u1ea5y quay<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 Qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec v\u00e0 qu\u1eb7ng k\u1ebdm \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh luy\u1ec7n kim.<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n Vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra \u00f4 nhi\u1ec5m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i, ph\u1ea7n b\u00f9n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00e1c giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau:<\/p>\n L\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n H\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n V\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n X\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4 (trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap:<\/p>\n Gi\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n L\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn trong c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n \u0110\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thu h\u1ed3i n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ea3i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e9p k\u00edn<\/p>\n<\/li>\n C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 x\u1eed l\u00fd n\u01b0\u1edbc<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u1ecdt ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i qu\u00fd.<\/p>\n C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p thu h\u1ed3i:<\/p>\n ch\u00ec d\u01b0<\/p>\n<\/li>\n k\u1ebdm c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c kim lo\u1ea1i li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n... t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ecf<\/strong>.<\/p>\n S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1ecdt<\/strong> \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n Nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y thu h\u1ed3i c\u1ea3 hai:<\/p>\n kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng th\u00f4 b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c<\/p>\n<\/li>\n Kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t sunfua m\u1ecbn thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m t\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i m\u00e0i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n gi\u1ea3m l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c th\u1eed ti\u00eau th\u1ee5<\/p>\n<\/li>\n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn cao h\u01a1n<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ecf qu\u1eb7ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ee9a qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5p<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i qu\u1eb7ng n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u1ea3 thi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch:<\/p>\n l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c thu h\u1ed3i kim lo\u1ea1i<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean:<\/p>\n kho\u00e1ng v\u1eadt qu\u1eb7ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n c\u1ea5p qu\u1eb7ng<\/p>\n<\/li>\n ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea1t<\/p>\n<\/li>\n c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n T\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho quy tr\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khai th\u00e1c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng... qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p t\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1ecdt<\/strong>.<\/p>\n Quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n Nghi\u1ec1n \u2192 Xay \u2192 Tuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c \u2192 Tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i \u2192 Kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc \u2192 X\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty khai th\u00e1c m\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u0111a h\u00f3a l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n D\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty \u0111ang l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm<\/strong>Vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m x\u1eed l\u00fd kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" 1. How to Process Lead-Zinc Ore by Gravity Separation and Froth Flotation Lead-zinc ore is one of the most important non-ferrous metal resources in the world. Lead and zinc are widely used in industries such as metallurgy, batteries, alloys, construction materials, and chemicals. In most deposits, lead and zinc minerals […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21278,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"default","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\n2. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ec v\u00e0 k\u1ebdm<\/h1>\n
2.1 C\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ec<\/h2>\n
1) Galena (PbS)<\/h3>\n
![\"Galena\"](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Galena.webp\")
<\/p>\n\n
2) Cerussite<\/h3>\n
![\"Cerussite\"](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Cerussite.webp\")
<\/p>\n\n
3) Anglesite<\/h3>\n
![\"Anglesite\"](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Anglesite.webp\")
<\/p>\n\n
2.2 C\u00e1c kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebdm<\/h2>\n
1) Sphalerit (ZnS)<\/h3>\n
![\"Sphalerit\"](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Sphalerite.webp\")
<\/p>\n\n
2) Smithsonite<\/h3>\n
![\"Smithsonite\"](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Smithsonite.webp\")
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3) Hemimorphite<\/h3>\n
![\"Hemimorphite\"](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Hemimorphite.webp\")
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3. T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i?<\/h1>\n
![\"T\u1ea1i](\"https:\/\/cementindustrial.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Why-Combine-Gravity-Separation-and-Flotation.webp\")
<\/p>\n3.1 Lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf \u0111\u00e1 th\u1ea3i s\u1edbm<\/h2>\n
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3.2 C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng thu h\u1ed3i kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4<\/h2>\n
3.3 Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i cao h\u01a1n<\/h2>\n
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3.4 Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh<\/h2>\n
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4. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb: Nghi\u1ec1n v\u00e0 xay<\/h1>\n
4.1 Nghi\u1ec1n s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p<\/h2>\n
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4.2 Nghi\u1ec1n th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p<\/h2>\n
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4.3 Nghi\u1ec1n<\/h2>\n
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4.4 Ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i<\/h2>\n
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5. Quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c<\/h1>\n
5.1 Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ph\u00e2n t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n
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5.2 \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c<\/h2>\n
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5.3 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng<\/h2>\n
6. Quy tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm<\/h1>\n
6.1 Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i b\u1ecdt<\/h3>\n
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6.2 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quy tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/h3>\n
\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm.<\/p>\n\n
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6.3 Thu\u1ed1c tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm<\/h3>\n
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6.4 Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i<\/h3>\n
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7. B\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tuy\u1ec3n qu\u1eb7ng ch\u00ec-k\u1ebdm<\/h1>\n
7.1 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1: Nghi\u1ec1n n\u00e1t<\/h3>\n
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7.2 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2: Nghi\u1ec1n<\/h3>\n
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7.3 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 3: T\u00e1ch kho\u00e1ng ch\u1ea5t<\/h3>\n
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7.4 Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 4: Kh\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4<\/h3>\n
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8. X\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng<\/h1>\n
8.1 L\u00e0m \u0111\u1eb7c v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng<\/h3>\n
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8.2 T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn kho\u00e1ng s\u1ea3n<\/h3>\n
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8.3 T\u00e1i ch\u1ebf ch\u1ea5t th\u1ea3i qu\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/h3>\n
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9. L\u1ee3i \u00edch kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p tuy\u1ec3n n\u1ed5i \u2013 tr\u1ecdng l\u1ef1c<\/h1>\n
9.1 T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i cao h\u01a1n<\/h3>\n
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9.2 Gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h3>\n
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9.3 X\u1eed l\u00fd hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 qu\u1eb7ng c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p<\/h3>\n
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9.4 Thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf quy tr\u00ecnh linh ho\u1ea1t<\/h3>\n
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10. K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h1>\n